RIE can help you determine which type of paint is suitable for your particular application.
Single component paint is usually composed of the pigment, an organic vehicle (the base) to suspend the pigment and provide structure, and a solvent to thin the paint to an applicable viscosity. This type of paint cures by the evaporation of the solvent from the applied paint. Examples are latex paints, oil based enamels, lacquers, baking enamels and acrylic enamels.
There is a type of single component polyurethane that relies on elevated humidity to properly cure, contrary to common intuition. Water hydrates the material, chemically bonding with the base causing it to fully cure. This paint is typically low outgassing and is used in space or high vacuum atmospheres.
Multicomponent paint, is comprised of the pigment, the base, a catalyst (or hardener), and a solvent. The difference here is that the paint will not fully cure by the evaporation of the solvent only, but rather relies on the chemical reaction between the base and the catalyst(s). The function of the solvent remains the same. Some common paints of this type are epoxy and polyurethane.
There are many special chemical formulations for paints: acrylics, latex, epoxy, polyurethane, among others, and the type of paint to be chosen depends on the client’s application.